Kinetic heat insulation



Qct. 2;,1923. I 1,469,458 Y W. S. HADAWAY, JR

KINETIC HEAT INSULATION Filed Aug. 18. 1921 a/d [If HINTOR ATTORNEY Patented Get, 2, 1923.

narran grates;

I iaeaas p WILLIAM SQHADAWA an, or lv'nwnocrrnnnn, nEw YORK.

'KInErrcfHnar INSULATION."

Original application filed July 26, 1917,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM S. HAnAwAY, Jr., a citizen of the United states of America, and a'resident of New-Rochelle, lVeStchester County, and State of New Yorlghav'e invented certain new and useful Improvements in Kinetic Heat Insulations, of which the following is a specification. 7 v This invention relates to kinetic heat insulation and more particularly to heaters wherein vaporis employed as a 'working medium, Broadly stated it is the object of the pres-' ent inventionto prov-ideimproved means for transferring a vapor into a heat chamberin'successive stages,-'and employing the vapori as a kinetic insulatlng medium 1n the several steps. Thus an eflicient form of heat insulator is provided, which maybe. c0mpared to an electr c conductoru'pon WhlC-h 1 a counter electro-motive force is'impress'ed.

. In other words, I provideamass surrounding-the'hi'gh temperaturebody or chamber and cause an inward flow of'a heat carrier through themas's which dlrectly opposes heat losses tend to produce.

By'this means I fix the temperature throughout the insulating mass, maintaining the outside walls at. the temperature "of the surrounding medium andgradually inthe outward heat flow which the [ordinary creasing the temperature-through the mass Y to the temperatureof the interior.

More particularly it'is an object of my invention to provide a' heat chamber-and an insulating body therefor including a passageway for incoming medium, whereby the medium may be supplied to'the passage and there be prepared for use, so that'when delivered to the heat chamber it is in suitable condition for use. I 1 r Another object relates to means for retaining the medium in a definite stageo-r position relative to the heat chamber, where by the medium forms a wall or layer for insulating the chamber.

' 'Another object relates to theprovision of aplurality of such layers, arranged in succes'sive stages, whereby the temperatures thereof increases jin' 'ste p s as the-chamber is approached. "f i" v Another feature relates to the provision of metallic" walled -spacers, whereby the construction of the insulating body is'render'ed Serial No. 182,815.; Divided andthis 1921. Serial no. 453, 86.

rigichserving alsoto form heat transferring medium I reta1n1n g means.

application filed August s;

I I Still another featurerelates to the pro vision of a granular filler between at least" 'somefof the spacers, whereby the flow-of medium may be retarded in' apredetermined degreep .1. j

Anotherjobject relates to. a plurality of layers or spacers surrounding a'relatively and inexpensive heat insulation for ahighj "temperature bodyp wh'ereinthe high tem-,

Another object relates-to 'a' plurality'of layers orspacers whosethickness varies 'perat'urebody is" enveloped in a plurality of spaced receptacles which serveto retard the flow of heat by enclosing air ori'other gases orvapors' between thelr surfaces and whichalso serve as atortuous path for a.

vaporor gas'which is. heated as it circulates and thereby cools thesurfaces', 7 f Other objects will-appear as'the description of the inventlon'progresses. This'application is a division of my copending application Serial No."182,815 filed July26, 1917, heaters and heat insulation,

' Referring to-the drawings p F lgure '1 shows a horlzontal section of heat chamber having insulating walls, em-

bodying' the present invention; and Y of. V V- k Like referencecharacters denote like parts in the several figures. I

The-drawings show one embodiment ofmy Figure 2 showsa sectional elevation thereinvention which com-prisesa heat chamber 10 constituting a furnace or oven or otherhigh temperature chamber. The walls and-floor of the furnace are formed of a plurality of layersll of insulating materialwhich are spaced apart'by spacers','1 2, 13,14." Each spacer'c'omprises a pair offwalls 15-, of sheet-metal or other suitablematerial'be; tweeirea'ch pair of which may be a granular refractory material 16 'such as granular p a carborundum orthe like supported between and forming a passage within the .walls;

The insulating layers 'llimay be alike or may preferably be selected because of special fitness for the temperatures at which the respective layers are maintained: when the furnace is in'operation.

The outer wall 20 may be '01" any suitable construction such as refractory material. or

'the'like.- The walls and floor of the chamber 10 maybe of any desired material, accord ing to the work to which the heat is to be applied.v For example it also may beyof refractor material or the like.

The .heatinsulation or the outside walls of the vapor jacket maybe of well known formssuch as 85% magnesia for example or i' may be omitted altogether A cover 30 is provided for the heat chamber, and in the present embodiment is formed to correspond with the upper portion of the furnace. 5

The outer passage 14- is provided with a vapor supply pipe 31 disposedlat one side as shown in Figure 2, leading froma suitable source of vapor 32 such as a steam boiler or the like? ."i' connection 33 'eXtendsbetween passages 14 and 13 and the opposite sidejof the furnace.

- "Similarly the passage 13is connected with the inner passage 12 and the latter in turn with the interior of the heat chamber 10. The heat chamber may take'the form of a .lurnacearranged'to employ vapor as a com bustion agent, such as shown in my copend- H Zing application Serial No. 389,545 filed June 17,1920, for electric furnaces or it may employ-vapor 'asfla heatingelement, such as'a when desired.

5 10 within."

' offinsulation is limited by the rate at which" steam chamber.

The, cover 30 'may' be porous or may be provided with .an outlet 35 leading from the chamber 10, to discharge'the vapor therefrom The passages may be interconnected by two or more pipes 'or connecting passages and th'earrangement is such'that the hot chamber itself; r r so Thus it will be seen that the temperature of the spacers 12, 13,.1e between the layers the outward-flow of heatis'. absorbed by the inwardly flowing vapor.

Byselecting the granular materialused in the spacers 12, 13, 14,'the degree of resistance to the passage of the vapor may be predetermined to accord "withthe relative temperatures of the layers. 5 Furthermore, the.

material used in the several spacers maybe unlike, thus providing unlike degrees of resistancef-in the successive passages and rerees. v

I The present embodimentis only one o'f a variety of torms 1n whlch the 'invention may 'tarding thefiow of vapors in different de-, I

be practised, and numerousfchanges'inpro portion, arrangement and number of parts maybe made without departing from its spirit; therefore, 1t 18 expressly:understood thatlthe scope of the invention is not lim- -1ted by the particular form disclosed, refer ence being had to'the appended claims for that purpose. p I j' lVhat is claimed iszf M 1 V 1. A heat insulation comprising a plural ity' of spaced layers. of unlike materials, I

each adapted to the temperature to which ituis subjected, spacers between adjacent layers, each spacer comprising'a pair of spaced metallicwalls and a mass of granular refractory material positioned between said walls, passages connecting adjacent spacers in successive order, and means for supplying" steam to a predetermined one of SillClf spacers,

2. A heatinsulation comprisinga plurale ity of spaced layers ofunlike materials, each adapted to the temperature towhich, it is sub ected, spacers between adjacent layers, eachspacer comprising a pair" of spaced me- 'tall-ic' walls and *a mass of granular. car

borundum positioned between said walls,

passages connecting adjacent spacers insuccessive order, said passages being positioned tion.

, 3 .]A heat insulation for a heat chamber 'alternatelyat opp osite sidesot the insula comprising a plu'rality of spaced'layers'of unlike materials each adapted to the temperature to which it is subjected, spacers etween; adjacent layers, eachspacer comprising-a pair of spaced metallic walls and a mass of granular, refractory material positioned betweensaid walls, passages C0115 necting adjacent spacers in successive order, means for supplying steam to t'he .,outwardly disposed one of said spacers,'and a passage between the inwardly disposedone of said spacers and the heat chamber.

(Ac. A heat insulation comprising a plurality of layers, spacers between the layers and means-forsupplying fluid to fix the temperatures ofsaid spacers. s

. 5. A heat insulation comprising plural ityof layers, spacers between the layers and means for supplying fluid tosaidspacersin consecutive? order ,tOffiX' the temperatures thereotin progressively changingdegreegj 6.; Ahejat insulation comprising a pl ral- 7 ity of spaced layers of unlike materials,eac h adapted to the temperature to which it is subjected, and spacers between adjacent layers, each'spacer comprising a pair of spaced metallic walls and a between said walls.

7 A heat insulation comprising a plurality of spaced layers of unlike materials, each adapted to the temperature to which it is subjected, and forming a fluid passage, and means for supplying fluid to said passage for fixing the temperature of each layer.

8. A heat insulation comprising a plural V ity of spaced layers of unlike materials,

each adapted to the temperature to which it is subjected, and forming a fluid passage, and means for supplying fluid to said passages in successive order for fixing the temperature of each layer, whereby the temperature of the layers aresuccessively increased towards the direction of flow of fluid.

9. A heat insulation comprising a plurality of spaced layers of unlike materials, each adapted to .the temperature to which it is subjected, and means for supplying steam to the spaces consecutively.

10. A heat insulationcomprising a plurality of spaced layers of unlike materials, each adapted to the temperature to which it is subjected, and means for supplying steam to the spaces in succession from the outer space inward.

11. A heat insulation comprising a plurality of layers, and spacers between each pair of layers, said spacers comprising a pair of spaced walls. y 12. A heat insulation comprising a plurality of layers,v and spacers between each pair of layers, said spacers comprising a pair of spaced metallic walls and a porous mass positioned between said walls.

13. A heat insulation comprising a plurality of layers. and spacers between each pair of layers, said spacers comprising a pair of spaced metallic walls and a porous mass of granular refractory material positioned betweensaid walls and forming a fluid passage.

14. A heat insulation for a heat chamber comprising a plurality of spaced layers of unlike materials each adapted to the temperature to which it is subjected, and means for supplying steam to the spaces in succession from the outer space inward.

porous mass positioned Y 15. A heat insulation for aheat chamber comprising a plurality'ot spaced layers of unlike materials each adapted to the temperature to which'it is subjected, and means. o

connecting with the heatchamber for discharging the steam from the inner space to the heat chamber. 17(A heat insulator for a heat, chamber comprising a body of unlike materials separated by metallic walls, one of said materials being adapted to conduct a heat transferring medium through said insulator. 18. A heat insulator for a heat chamber comprising a body of unlike materials separated'by metallic walls, one of said materials being adapted to'conduct a heat transferring medium and means for supplying medium thereto through said insulator.

19. A heat insulatorcomprising materials of unlike porosity separated by metallic walls, and means. for supplying to the more porous of said materials a heat transferring medium;

20. heat insulation comprising a plurality of spaced layers of unlike materials,

each adapted to the temperature to which it is subjected, and spacers between adjacent layers each spacer comprising a porous mass between at least one pair of said walls being of unlike characteristic relative to the mass between other pairs of walls.

21. A heat insulation comprising a pluraL ity of layers, spacers between the layersand means for supplying fluid to fix thetemperature of the spacers between the layers.

22. A heat insulation comprisinga plural ity of spaced layers of unlike materials, each adapted to the temperature to which it is subjected, and means for fixing the temperature of each layer.

23. A heat insulation comprising a pluralunlike materials each adapted to the temperature to which it issubjected, and means for discharging the steam fromthe inner space. V 16. A heat insulation'for a heat chamber comprising a plurality of spaced layersv of ion ity of spaced layers of Iun'like material, each adapted to the temperature to which it is subjected, and means for supplying fluid to fix the temperature of each layer.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 16" day of August, 1921.

WILLIAM s. HADAWAY, JR. 

